Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard earn, easy lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on brief measure of precarious (the Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies country-level indices equality human development. Using from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions ( N = 33,417), demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism PMB (i.e., its comparability meaning statistical properties individual country levels); (2) PMB’s distinctness from, associations with, ambivalent sexism ambivalence toward men; (3) nation-level Findings are discussed terms their theoretical implications for understanding widely-held about precariousness male role.